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ObjectiveTo investigate the cognition of e-cigarette compositions and hazards and its influencing factors among secondary school personnel （junior， senior and vocational high school） in Shanghai， so as to provide ideas for improving the cognition level of e-cigarettes among the school personnel and tobacco control efforts on campus in the future. MethodsA multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an anonymous online questionnaire survey among 1 767 secondary school personnel in Shanghai. ResultsThe proportion of school staff who had used e-cigarettes was 3.79%. The participants who were not sure whether the e-cigarette smoke was “mainly water vapor （incorrect）” and whether the e-cigarette smoke “contained nicotine （correct）” and “contained formaldehyde （correct）” accounted for 62.71%， 54.44% and 61.91%， respectively. Among them， 68.48%， 55.46% and 50.37%， respectively， agreed that e-cigarettes would be “addictive”， “harmful” and “that second-hand smoke was harmful”. Binary logistic regression analysis showed the following risk factors for the low level of school personnel’s awareness of e-cigarette compositions： age ≥40 years （OR=1.65， 95%CI： 1.32‒2.06）， working in junior high school （OR=1.37， 95%CI： 1.09‒1.73）， educational attainment level as junior college or below （OR=1.67， 95%CI： 1.02‒2.74）， and not having participated in tobacco control education activities （OR=1.37， 95%CI： 1.08‒1.73）. Meanwhile， working in junior （OR=1.43， 95%CI： 1.12‒1.83） or senior （OR=1.44， 95%CI： 1.08‒1.92） high school， educational attainment level as junior college or below（OR=2.10， 95%CI： 1.24‒3.56）， having used e-cigarettes （OR=2.98， 95%CI： 1.63‒5.42）， not having participated in tobacco control education activities （OR=1.49， 95%CI： 1.16‒1.92） and low level of awareness of e-cigarette compositions （OR=4.24， 95%CI： 3.44‒5.23） were risk factors for the low level of school personnel’s awareness of e-cigarette hazards. ConclusionsThe level of e-cigarette awareness among school personnel in Shanghai is low， especially those who are older， had low educational attainment level and had used e-cigarettes. In the future， tobacco control education for school personnel should be strengthened to improve their cognition and ability of tobacco control on campus.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical feature and genetic etiology of a patient with normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH) due to variant of CHD7 gene.@*METHODS@#A patient who had presented at Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital in October 2022 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the patient was collected. The patient and his parents were subjected to trio-whole exome sequencing. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.@*RESULTS@#The patient had featured delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics but normal olfactory function. Genetic testing revealed that he has harbored a c.3052C>T (p.Pro1018Ser) missense variant of the CHD7 gene, for which both of his parents were of the wild type. The variant has not been recorded in the PubMed and HGMD databases. Analysis of amino acid sequences suggested that the variant site is highly conserved, and the variant may affect the stability of protein structure. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the c.3032C>T variant was classified as a likely pathogenic (PS2+PM2_Supporting+PP2+PP3+PP4).@*CONCLUSION@#The delayed development of secondary sexual characteristics of the patient may be attributed to the c.3052C>T (p.Pro1018Ser) variant of the CHD7 gene. Above finding has expanded the variation spectrum of the CHD7 gene.
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Child , Humans , Male , Amino Acid Sequence , Computational Biology , DNA Helicases/genetics , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Genetic Testing , Genomics , Hypogonadism/genetics , MutationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic basis for a child with Keppen-Lubinsky syndrome (KPLBS).@*METHODS@#Trio-whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was carried out for the proband and her parents. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis.@*RESULTS@#The child has featured peculiar facies including large eyes, alar hypoplasia, microretrognathia, premature aging appearance in addition with growth delay and mental retardation. Trio-WES has identified that she has carried a de novo variant of the KCNJ6 gene, namely c.460G>C (p.Gly154Arg). The variant has not been recorded in the database. Prediction of protein structure indicated that the variant may affect the potassium ion selective filtration structure channel in the transmembrane region of KCNJ6 protein, which may result in up regulation of the function of the channel.@*CONCLUSION@#The de novo c.460G>C (p.Gly154Arg) variant of the KCNJ6 gene probably underlay the KPLBS in this child. Above finding has enriched the genotypic and phenotype spectrum of this syndrome.
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Female , Humans , Cataract , China , G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels/genetics , Hypogonadism/congenital , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Mutation , Exome SequencingABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze clinical characteristics of neurosyphilis patients with abnormal mental behaviors as the initial symptom, and to provide a reference for clinical classification of, as well as outcome prediction and efficacy monitoring in neurosyphilis.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 67 HIV-negative neurosyphilis patients with abnormal mental behaviors as the initial symptom in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from November 2012 to November 2019, and retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out by using t test. Results:Among the 67 patients, 52 (77.6%) were males, and 15 (22.4%) were females; there were 63 (94.0%) middle-aged and elderly patients and 4 (6.0%) adolescent patients; 38 (56.7%) patients were diagnosed with progressive general paresis, 21 (31.3%) with meningovascular neurosyphilis, 1 (1.5%) with meningeal neurosyphilis, 3 (4.5%) with tabes dorsalis, and 4 (6.0%) with mixed-type neurosyphilis. As laboratory examination showed, 67 patients all presented with positive serum rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test, serum Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) test, and cerebrospinal fluid TPPA test, 55 (82.1%) had positive cerebrospinal fluid RPR test, 47 (70.1%) had elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels of > 0.45 g/L, 50 (74.6%) had increased white blood cell counts of > 8 ×10 6/L in cerebrospinal fluids, and 28 (41.8%) had elevated IgG levels in cerebrospinal fluids. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple ischemic foci in 21 (31.3%) cases, multiple leukodystrophy in 17 (25.4%) , cerebral atrophy in 15 (22.4%) , infarction in 8 (11.9%) , and encephalitis-like changes in 2 (3.0%) . Of the 67 patients, 48 were treated with penicillin in aqueous solutions, 15 with ceftriaxone, and 4 with doxycycline. Six months later, the follow-up showed that 46 (68.7%) patients responded to the treatment, and the early course of disease was significantly shorter in the highly responsive group than in the poorly responsive group ( P < 0.05) . Conclusion:The middle-aged and elderly males were predominant in the neurosyphilis patients with abnormal mental behaviors as the initial symptom, magnetic resonance imaging is helpful for clinical classification and prognosis prediction of neurosyphilis, and early and standardized antisyphilitic treatment can markedly improve the prognosis of patients.
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The interleukin (IL) -23/IL-17 axis is the main pathway in the pathogenesis of plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris, and IL-17A plays a key role in the relevant immune pathways. IL-17A mediates overlapping inflammatory pathways in atherosclerosis and psoriasis, promotes inflammation, coagulation and thrombosis, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with psoriasis. Inhibiting the inflammatory effect of IL-17A can reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with severe psoriasis. This review summarizes recent research progress in IL-17A-mediated systemic inflammation and cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with psoriasis, and provides a reference for prevention and reduction of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with psoriasis in clinical practice.
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Objective:To investigate the role of miR-146a in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and its clinical significance.Methods:This article is a prospective clinical cohort study.Twenty-six patients with sJIA (14 cases of initial active group and 12 cases of stable group), 15 patients with multijoint juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and 15 patients with oligojoint JIA diagnosed in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Anhui Provincial Children′s Hospital from June 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled.Twenty healthy controls from the out-patient clinic were also recruited.The expression level of miR-146a in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of research objects was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase reaction (qPCR), and the serum levels of interleukin (IL) - 6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) - α and IL-1β in sJIA patients and healthy controls were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression levels of miR-146a in PBMCs and cytokines among different groups were compared by analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of the relative expression level of miR-146a in PBMCs with clinical inflammatory indexes and serum cytokines in sJIA patients. Results:(1) The expression level of miR-146a in PBMCs of early sJIA patients was significantly higher than that in the multijoint JIA group and oligojoint JIA group (8.77±3.15 vs.4.40±1.59, 2.55±1.15, t=6.27, 14.23; all P<0.05). The expression level of miR-146a in PBMCs of sJIA active patients was significantly higher than that in sJIA stable patients (8.77±3.15 vs.3.63±1.37, t=10.27, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression level of miR-146a between the sJIA stable group and healthy control group ( P>0.05). (2) The expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in sJIA active patients group than those in sJIA stable group[(58.56±17.47) ng/L vs.(26.32±10.54) ng/L, (73.72±11.16) ng/L vs.(23.20±9.12) ng/L, (70.93±19.97) ng/L vs.(24.25±9.49) ng/L, all P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α between the sJIA stable group and healthy control group(all P>0.05). (3)The expression of miR-146a in PBMCs of sJIA patients was positively correlated with serum ferritin levels, platelets, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, C-reactive proteins, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α( r=0.542, 0.433, 0.329, 0.306, 0.333, 0.342, 0.319, all P<0.05). Conclusions:miR-146a may be involved in the inflammatory process of sJIA disease.miR-146a can well distinguish sJIA from multijoint JIA and oligojoint JIA.TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 are involved in sJIA inflammatory responses.
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In recent years, with the vigorous marketing of e-cigarette manufacturers, e-cigarettes have become a popular tobacco product for adolescents. The problem of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents is also getting worse and its associated adverse impacts cannot be ignored. However, domestic research on the environmental exposure to e-cigarettes among youth is insufficient, and experience on e-cigarette regulation is also limited. This review first briefly introduced the definition and sources of e-cigarette environment exposure, then focused on the differences of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents with different characteristics to identify possible influencing factors, as well as the impacts of e-cigarette environmental exposure on adolescents, and finally summarized international countermeasures to prevent e-cigarette environmental exposure in adolescents, aiming to provide directional guidance for China to conduct e-cigarette control activities among adolescents.
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OBJECTIVE@#To detect variant of TRNT1 gene in a child featuring sideroblastic anemia with B-cell immunodeficiency, periodic fever and developmental delay (SIFD).@*METHODS@#The proband and his parents were analyzed through trio-whole exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were carried out to verify the candidate variant sites associated with the clinical phenotype.@*RESULTS@#Genetic testing showed that the proband has carried compound heterozygous variants of the TRNT1 gene, namely c.88A>G(p.Met30Val) and c.363G>T(p.Glu121Asp). Sanger sequencing confirmed that the variants were respectively inherited from his father and mother. The variants were unreported previously. By bioinformatic analysis, both variants were predicted to affect the stability of binding of the TRNT1 protein with tRNA. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics standards and guidelines, c.88A>G and c.363G>T variants of TRNT1 gene were predicted to be uncertain significance (PM2+PP3+PP4) and likely pathogenic (PM1+PM2+PP3+PP4), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.88A>G (p.Met30Val) and c.363G>T(p.Glu121Asp) compound heterozygous variants of the TRNT1 gene probably underlay the disease in this patient. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of TRNT1 gene variants.
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Humans , Genetic Testing , NucleotidyltransferasesABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Hugan tablet combined with tenofovir disoproxil on patients with chronic hepatitis B and its influence on the cellular inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial function.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2018, 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B admitted to Dongyang People's Hospital were randomly divided into observation group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases) according to the random digital table method.The control group was treated with tenofovir disoproxil, while the observation group was treated with Hugan tablet on the basis of the control group.The course of treatment in both two groups was 48 weeks.The therapeutic effect and HBV-DNA negative transformation of the two groups were compared, and the changes of liver function, cytokines and vascular endothelial function before and after treatment were compared.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (92.00%) was higher than that of the control group (72.00%) (χ 2=6.775, P<0.05). The negative rate of HBV-DNA in the observation group (68.00%) was higher than that in the control group (50.00%) (χ 2=4.105, P<0.05). The serum AST[(51.28±7.29)U/L], TBIL[(16.69±3.18)μmol/L] and ALT[(48.93±7.87)U/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(81.32±14.25)U/L, (24.31±5.47)μmol/L and (94.34±18.37)U/L] ( t=13.271, 8.516 and 16.067, all P<0.05). The serum IL-2 [(178.38±19.98)ng/L] in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [(131.07±13.42)ng/L], while the serum IL-4 [(38.19±6.19)ng/L] and IL-10 [(48.93±7.87)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(54.76±5.84)ng/L and (94.34±18.37)ng/L] ( t=13.899, 13.768, 16.067, all P<0.05). The serum VEGF[(101.32±8.78)ng/L] and ET-1[(34.82±2.97)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(127.90±15.46)ng/L and (38.98±3.41)ng/L] ( t=10.571, 6.505, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Hugan tablet combined with tenofovir disoproxil has good therapeutic effect on patients with chronic hepatitis B, which can improve the liver function, reduce the inflammatory reaction of cells and improve the vascular endothelial function.
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Objective:To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and its influencing factors in pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods:From January 2017 to December 2019, 80 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to Dongyang People's Hospital were divided into pulmonary infection group(34 cases) and non pulmonary infection group(46 cases). Sputum samples of patients with pulmonary infection were collected, and pathogens were isolated and cultured.The multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of pulmonary infection.Results:A total of 43 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 34 patients with pulmonary infection, including 27 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(62.79%), 13 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(30.23%) and 3 strains of fungi(6.98%). Single factor analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in sex, body mass index, hypertension and hyperlipidemia between the infection group and the non infection group(χ 2=0.147, 1.343, 1.236, 0.535, all P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age, diabetes, invasive operation and hospitalization time between the infection group and the non infection group(χ 2=15.301, 5.639, 14.854, 12.279, all P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, combined with diabetes, invasive operation and length of stay were the risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with pulmonary infection. Conclusion:Gram negative bacteria are the main pathogens in pulmonary tuberculosis patients complicated with pulmonary infection.Pulmonary infection is affected by many factors.In order to prevent pulmonary infection, targeted preventive measures should be taken.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between the distnioution of cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis and early neurologic deterioration (END) in patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke.Methods Patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from March 2017 to May 2018 were enrolled retrospectively.END was defined as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score increased by 2 from the baseline within 72 h of admission,or the NIHSS consciousness level score increased by 1,or the NIHSS motor score increased by 1,or having any new neurological deficit.According to whether the patients had END or not,they were divided into END group and non-END group.According to cerebral artery stenosis (stenosis degree ＞ 50％) identified by head and neck CT angiography,magnetic resonance angiography or digital subtraction angiography,they were divided into single artery stenosis group and multiple artery stenosis group.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors for END.Results A total of 371 patients were enrolled in the study,of which 92 (24.8％) had END.In the single artery stenosis group,the incidence of END varies with the distribution of vessel stenosis:anterior cerebral artery (2.3％),middle cerebral artery (54.4％),posterior cerebral artery (9.1％),basilar artery (4.5％),intracranial internal carotid artery (11.4％),intracranial vertebral artery (6.8％),extracranial internal carotid artery (6.8％),and extracranial vertebral artery (4.5％).The incidence of middle cerebral artery stenosis was significantly higher in the END group than that in the non-END group (54.5％ vs.21.2％;x2=17.615,P ＜ 0.001).In the multiple artery stenosis group,the incidence of END was the highest in patients with only intracranial stenosis (66.7％),followed by patients with intracranial and extracranial stenosis (29.2％),and patients with only extracranial stenosis (4.2％).The incidence of only intracranial multi-artery stenosis was significantly higher in the END group than that in the non-END group (66.7％ vs.47.6％;x2 =5.262,P =0.022).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that middle cerebral artery stenosis (odds ratio,1.805,95％ confidence interval 1.217-2.676;P=0.003) was an independent risk factor for END.Conclusions END was associated with the distribution of cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis in patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke.The middle cerebral artery stenosis was an independent risk factor for END.
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Objective@#To evaluate the protective effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on myocardial injury after post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.@*Methods@#Twelve male 3-4 months pigs were randomly divided into two groups, UTI group and control group. The ventricular fibrillation (VF) animal model was replicated by programmed stimulation method. Among the 12 pigs, 11 pigs were successfully resuscitated by CPR after 5 min VF, of which, 6 pigs were in the UTI group and 5 pigs in the control group. Immediately after resuscitation, pigs in the UTI group was given 100 kU dissolved in 5 mL normal saline with slowly injection every 3 h until 24 h after recovery (no drug was given at 24 h). In the control group, 5 mL normal saline was given with same delivery time and frequency as that in the UTI group. The venous blood of the pigs was collected at VF, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after ROCS, and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Because IMA was sensitive and increased rapidly, venous blood was detected at 1 h after ROSC, and the rest test time were same with the rest of the blood factors. Statistical analysis was performed using LSD-t test and variance analysis. The pigs were sacrificed 24 h after ROSC, and specimens from heart tissue were taken for HE staining.@*Results@#Before ventricular fibrillation in three groups, there was no significant difference in serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indexes, and myocardial ischemia markers between the two groups (P>0.05). At 2 h after ventricular fibrillation, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 level in the UTI group was significantly lower than those in the control group. At 4 h, MDA level in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); IMA was significantly increased at 1 h after ROSC, and the level of 1 h in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), but was not statistically significant at 12 h between the two groups (P>0.05). HE staining results showed that the damage degree of myocardial tissue in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 24 h after ROSC.@*Conclusions@#UTI can significantly antagonize inflammatory response, reduce oxidative stress, and improve the myocardial tissue injury after resuscitation. It can protect myocardial injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Objective To evaluate the protective effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on myocardial injury after post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.Methods Twelve male 3-4 months pigs were randomly divided into two groups,UTI group and control group.The ventricular fibrillation (VF) animal model was replicated by programmed stimulation method.Among the 12 pigs,11 pigs were successfully resuscitated by CPR after 5 min VF,of which,6 pigs were in the UTI group and 5 pigs in the control group.Immediately after resuscitation,pigs in the UTI group was given 100 kU dissolved in 5 mL normal saline with slowly injection every 3 h until 24 h after recovery (no drug was given at 24 h).In the control group,5 mL normal saline was given with same delivery time and frequency as that in the UTI group.The venous blood of the pigs was collected at VF,2,4,6,12,and 24 h after ROCS,and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.Because IMA was sensitive and increased rapidly,venous blood was detected at 1 h after ROSC,and the rest test time were same with the rest of the blood factors.Statistical analysis was performed using LSD-t test and variance analysis.The pigs were sacrificed 24 h after ROSC,and specimens from heart tissue were taken for HE staining.Results Before ventricular fibrillation in three groups,there was no significant difference in serum levels of inflammatory cytokines,oxidative stress indexes,and myocardial ischemia markers between the two groups (P＞0.05).At 2 h after ventricular fibrillation,the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 level in the UTI group was significantly lower than those in the control group.At 4 h,MDA level in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05);IMA was significantly increased at 1 h after ROSC,and the level of 1 h in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05),but was not statistically significant at 12 h between the two groups (P＞0.05).HE staining results showed that the damage degree of myocardial tissue in the UTI group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 24 h after ROSC.Conclusions UTI can significantly antagonize inflammatory response,reduce oxidative stress,and improve the myocardial tissue injury after resuscitation.It can protect myocardial injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of hypomagnesemia on the initial amount of hematoma and patient's condition at hospitalization in elderly patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).The 90 consecutive hospitalized patients with primary ICH were chosen for prospective cohort study in the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University from February 2017 to May 2018.Methods Demographic and baseline data of patients were collected,and CT scan,serum magnesium concentration and other laboratory examinations after hospital admission were tested.Ninety patients were divided into two groups:hypomagnesemia group(serum magnesium ＜ 0.75 mmol/L,n =38) and normo-magnesemia group(0.75-1.25 mmol/L,n =52).The impact of serum magnesium level on the patient's initial volume of hematoma and critical condition at admission were analyzed.Results The median value of random blood glucose (7.29 mmol/L vs.6.44 mmol/L)and fibrinogen degradation products(3.43 mg/L vs.1.98 mg/L)were higher in the patients with hypomagnesemia than in the normal magnesium group.The median volume of initial volume of hematoma at admission was larger in patients with hypomagnesemia than in the normal magnesium group (20 cm3 vs.10 cm3).The median value of Glasgow coma scale at admission was lower in patients with hypomagnesemia than in the normal magnesium group(12.5 scores vs.14.0 scores).And their difference was statistically significant(U =-2.663,-2.951,-5.000 and-2.821 respectively,P =0.008,0.003,0.000 and 0.005).The correlation analysis showed that the initial volume of hematoma in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage was negatively correlated with the serum magnesium concentration at admission (r =-0.528,P =0.001).Conclusions Patients with hypomagnesemia has a larger hematoma volume and more serious disease condition.There is a significantly negative correlation between serum magnesium and hematoma volume of ICH.The serum magnesium level may become a predictor of ICH in the future.
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Objective To investigate the effect of optimizing nursing process in emergency PCI on the reduction of radiation received by interventional nurses.Methods A total of 100 cases of acute myocardial infarction patients who need emergency PCI in First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China were selected for the study,with the first 50 cases as the control group using conventional nursing process and the other 50 cases as the optimization group using the optimal nursing process in the test.Two radiation monitoring methods were used at the same time to measure,record and analyze the radiation dose to the intervention nurses in the two groups.Results The differences in radiation doses to nurses between the two groups were statistically significant in the single operation of intracoronary drug configuration,non-intracoronary drug configuration,intravenous injection,patient care,emergency material unpacking,and contrast agent replacement (Z =-5.171,-3.774,-7.208,-2.454,-4.516,-3.819,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in radiation dose to nurses between the two groups in the subcutaneous injection of drugs and vomiting care of patients (P ＞ 0.05).The difference in radiation doses to nurses between the two groups during the entire operation was statistically significant (Z =-6.105,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The optimized nursing process helps to reduce the radiation received by interventional nurses in emergency PCI.
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Objective The purpose of this study was to clarify the distribution of immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclasses in the salivary glands of Sj?gren's syndrome (SS). Methods The salivary glands from 70 patients were stained with IgG and IgG subclasses monoclonal antibodies. Clinical data was collected and analyzed between different groups. For group comparisons,measurement data were compared using Student's t test and Mann-Whitney U test, while count data were measured using chi-square test. Results All four IgG subclasses could be detected. IgG could be detected in 36 patients (51％), IgG1 in 32 patients (46％), IgG2 in 3 patients (4％), IgG3 in 5 patients (7％), and IgG4 in 6 patients (9％). IgG1 positive group appeared to have longer duration [(74±75) months (25±36) months, t=3.57, P<0.05), lower white blood cell count (WBC) [(5.5±2.5)×109/L vs (7.3±3.6)×109/L, t=2.38, P<0.05), higher positive rate for antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-SSA, anti-SSB (97％ and 74％, 93％ and 65％, 47％ and 15％, χ2 was 6.08, 7.46, 8.22 respectively, P<0.05) and more Chisholm 3/4 pathological grade cases (97％与 67％, χ2=9.22), They were all stastically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion IgG1 is the main IgG subclass in the salivary glands of SS. IgG1 may take part in the immunological injury of salivary glands destruction in SS;The dominant IgG1 expression in the salivary glands of SS correlates with pathological injury.
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Objective To investigate the factors affecting the occurrence of thyroid nodules,and to offer scientific methods to prevent the occurrence of this disease.Methods A total of 220 subjects were involved in the study from January 2012 to December 2014 at the Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Treatment.A case-control study was designed.The case group with thyroid nodules was confirmed by color Doppler ultrasonography and pathology.The control group,at the same time,was confirmed by ultrasound and thyroid function tests.Face to face questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data,family history of disease and thyroid function test results.The differences in general conditions,living habits,family history,and clinical test results were compared between the two groups.Finally,multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze risk factors,which may affect the occurrence of thyroid nodules,odds ratio (OR) was calculated.Results This study collected 209 valid samples.The rate of valid samples was 95.00％ (209 / 220).The average age was (42.28 ± 11.86) years old,and the ratio of male to female was 1.0 ∶ 5.3 (33 ∶ 176).There were significant differences in age,sex,body mass index (BMI),the use of hair dye,total thyroid thyroxine (TT3),serum free thyroxine (FTg),and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMAb) between the case group and the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Those variables,which were significant in single factor analysis such as age,gender,BMI,hair dye,TT3,FT4,TSH and TMAb,were put into the logistic model to adjust confounding.After that,the results suggested that the risk increased 9.7％ [OR:1.097,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.017-1.183] with increase in age by one year.Women were 3.214 times (OR:3.214,95％CI:1.025-5.923) more likely to have thyroid nodules.TSH increased by 1 level,the risk increased by 1.030 times (OR:2.030,95％CI:1.050-3.922).TMAb increased by 1％ on average,an increase in the risk of disease by up to 28.3％ (OR =1.283,95％CI:1.076-1.529).Conclusions Women are at higher risk of thyroid nodules than men.And older age,high levels of TSH and TMAb also increase the risk of thyroid nodules.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical value of thyroid cancer gene detection and its joint diagnos-tic model in early diagnosis of thyroid nodule. Methods Retrospective study was used to analyze 61 cases of thy-roid nodules. These cases were divided into benign nodules and malignant nodules according to the pathology out-comes. We evaluated the AUC,sensitivity and specificity of preoperative fine needle aspiration biopsy(FNAB), thyroid cancer gene detection and color ultrasonography feature in the early diagnosis of thyroid nodule through lo-gistic regression analysis and ROC working curve. Results Among the 61 patients with thyroid nodules,there were 31 cases of benign thyroid nodules and 30 cases of malignant nodules.Diagnostic indexes significantly related with thyroid nodules and their AUC were listed as following:cancer gene detection 0.915(95% CI:0.814-0.971), FNAB 0.813(95% CI:0.691-0.902),low echo 0.657(95% CI:0.523-0.775),size of nodules 0.623(95% CI:0.488-0.745),joint diagnostic model respectively 0.957(95%CI:0.871-0.993). The value of joint diagnosis was the highest,whose sensitivity was 93.1% and the specificity was 90.3%.Conclusion Preoperative cancer gene de-tection joint FNAB and color ultra-sonography will improve the detection rate of thyroid cancer and reduce unneces-sary operation.
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Objective To analyze the effect of miR-497 high expression on the gene expression profile of colon cancer cell line HCT116. Methods MiR-497 high expressing colon cancer cell model HCT116-497 and negative control HCT116-CON were established by lentiviral transduction. The human (V2) gene expression microarray was used to identify genes that were differentially expressed between colon cancer cells overexpressing miR-497 and the controls. The candidates were subjected to the gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis by Molecule Annotation System 3.0 (MAS3.0). The differential expression of representative genes relative to inflammation were confirmed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Of all the differently expressed genes, 582 genes were down-regulated by at least 3-folds, which were enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways in colon cancer cells overexpressing miR-497. The decrease in 15 representative genes was validated by qPCR. Compared with those in HCT116-CON cells, expressions of 10 genes in HCT116-497 cells, including CACNB1, FOS, IL-29, RPS6KA2, TNFSF15, IL-11, INHBC, CSF1R, JAK3 and IL-2Rβ, were decreased significantly, and there were statistical differences (all P< 0.05) Conclusion MiR-497 inhibits the mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes in colon cancer cell line HCT116.
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Objective To compare diagnostic values of the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with the thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) for sonographic malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules.Methods From November 2011 to December 2015,485 thyroid nodules in 331 patients (mean age,42.9 years± 10.4)were included in this study.Characteristics includingsize,composition,shape(nonparallel or parallel),margin,echogenicity,calcifications and extrathyroidal extension of thyroid nodules were evaluated.Every nodule was stratificated by criteria set by TI-RADS and ATA guidelines,and malignant rate of each risk stratification were calculated and analysed.With pathology as the gold standard,different cutoff were taken to diagnose malignant nodules,and the sensitivity,specifity,positive predictive value,negativepredictive value and accuracy of the two methodologies were calculated at each cutoff.And the two methodologies were evaluated and measured by ROC curve.Finally their Kappa value were calculated at the best cutoff.Results Of the 485 thyroid nodules,96 were benign and 389 were malignant.The malignancy rates under TI-RADS category 2,3,4a,4b,4c,and 5 nodules were 0,12.0％ (3/25),22.2％ (10/45),29.8％ (14/47),99.2％ (261/363) and 100％ (101/101).Malignancy rates under ATA guidelines of benign,very low,low,intermediate,and high suspicion for malignancy were 0,12.5％ (1/8),16.1％ (10/62),27.7％ (13/47),and 99.2％ (365/368).There were significant differences inside each patterns (P ＜ 0.01) respectively and high correlation between risk stratification with TI-RADS (r=0.70) and ATA guidelines (r=0.83).Areas under the ROC curve of the TI-RADS and ATA guidelines classifications were 0.966 and 0.959.Best cut-off point for diagnosing malignant by TI-RADS and ATA guideline classifications were ≥ 4c and ≥ high suspicion,and at that point,diagnostic value of TI-RADS and ATA guidelines were nearly the same(sensitivity,93.1％vs 93.8％;specificity,97.9％ vs 96.9％;PPV,99.5％ vs 99.2％;NPV,75.7％vs 79.5％;and accuracy,94.0％vs94.4％),and there was no significant differences (P=0.50,P=0.50,P=0.50,P=0.53,P=0.55),Kappa=0.97.Conclusions Both TI-RADS and the ATA guidelinesprovide effective malignancy risk stratification for thyroid nodules.The diagnosticvalue of TI-RADS when considering ≥ 4c and ATA guidelines when considering ≥ high-suspicion nodules as malignant were nearly the same and both high.